Comminuting machine



Malh 1l, 1947. H. H. WAGNER ETAL COHMINUTING CHINE Filed Feb@ s, 1944 Pnenad lMia 11, 1947 COMMINUTING MACHINE Harold H. Wagner, Cincinnati, Ohio, .and Eimerv Magnus, Chicago, lll.,

assignorl to The AW; J. Fitzpatrick Company, Chicago, lli., a oorporation of Illinois This invention relates to comminuting maehines and more particularly to a rotor construction for such a machine. l

One of the objects of the invention ls to providea comminuting machine which can be easily and quickly assembled and disassembled for cleaning and replacement.

Another object of the invention is to provide a comminuting machine in which a specially constructed blade is employed to perform difficult ing to one important feature of the invention, the blade is formed with a sharp working edge sweeping backwardly from. the hub out toward its tip.

Still another object of the inventionis to provide a comminuting machine in which the blades jkaireb rigidly anddetachalbly secured to the rotor u. l l

The above and other objects and advantages will be more readily/apparent from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a central section with parts in ele vation of a comminuting machine embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2-of Figure l; v

Figure 3 is fa section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a blade.

The machine shown in Figure 1 comprises a motor I having a driving shaft II projecting into a hollowcasing shown as secured to one end of the motor. The casing includes an end plate I2. and a central substantially circular side wall portion I3 which are rigidly secured to the motor housing by bolts I4. A cover plate I5 is detachably secured to the central portion I3 and is formed with an inlet chute I6. Material comminuted in the casing passes through a circular screen l1 secured in the casing concentric with the motor shaft through an outlet I8 in the bottom of the casing.`

A rotor is mounted on the motor shaft in the 4casing and as shown, includes a tubular rotor shaft I9 fitting over and keyed to the motor shaft. The rotor shafthas portions of two different diameters joined by a shoulder 2| and a. substan. tially cylindrical hub 22 ts on the'portion-of smaller diameter and maybe splined or keyed thereto. ,The hub is formed in its periphery 'with a series of circumferentially extending slots 23 terminating in straight bottoms as shown at 24 which are tangent to a circle about 'the axis of the 'rotor shaft of smaller diameter' than the hu-b.

-comminuting or pulverizing operations. Accord- Application February 1944, 'sex-m No. 521,806

s claims. (c1. 14osm i 2 The slots are adapted to receive' blades indicated generally at 25 which nt into the slots and extend' outwardly so that their outer edges terminate adjacent the screen l1.

In order to hold the blades in the hub the hub and blades are formed with aligned openings 26 and 21 into which pins 28 fit. The openings 26 `extendcompletely through the hub so that the pins can easily be inserted from either end. The pins are held in place by discs or plates 29 fitting 'over the shaft I9 and lying. against the opposite ends ofthe hub. One of the discs 29 rests against the shoulder 2l as best seen in Figure 3 and the other disc is held in place by a washer 3| fitting over the end of the rotor shaft and secured thereto by a screw 32. l i.

In assemblingv the hub, the blades can be inserted in the slots and the entire assembly can be secured together by fastening the screw 32 in the end of the shaft, To dlsassemble the hub for cleaning, itis necessaryl only toremove the screw 32 after which the pins can be shaken out to release the blades. Thus the entireA assembly can be thoroughly cleaned and sterilized. This is particularly important when the machine'is used in lconnection with foods and pharmaceutical compounds.

lFor various types of operatlonsthe blades 25 are formed as more particularly shown inAFigures 2 and 4 as being of generally right triangular shape with astraight inner edge 33 fitting against the straight bottoms 24 ofthe slots in the rotor. 4In this way, the blades are held rigidly in the rotor without interfering with the easy assembly and disassembly thereof. `The leading or working edge of each of the blades is preferably sharpened as shown at 34 and slopes backvwardly from a radius extending through its juncture with the hub. We have found that for many types of operations better results Vare obtained when the edge 34 is convexly curved about a chord lying tangent to the outer surface of the hub. It will be understood, however, that -the exact degree of backward sweep ofthe blades may be varied for different materials.

We have found that blades of the type shown are particularly effective for pulverlzing porous materials such, 'forexampla as effervescent salts. Materials of this type are difficult to pulverize into granules without producing an excessive quantity of fine powder but with blades of the type disclosed, we have found that such materials may be granulated rapidly with the production of a minimum amount of fine powders.

Blades of this character are also highly eilicient in the commuting of materials such as bread and fruits. In the production of bread crumbs, for example, whole loaves of bread may be fed into the machine and will be quickly and effectively ccmminuted into small size particles.

Similarly, with whole fruits the machine produces a rapid and eillcient comminution.

While one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described in detail herein, it will be understood that this is illustrative only andl is not intended as a definition of the scope of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A comminuting machine comprising a, hollow casing. a substantially cylindrical rotor hub rotatable inthe casing, a curved screen in the casing around the rotor hub forming an outlet for comminuted material, and a series of blades having a maximum width not greater than the diameter of the hub carried by the rotor hub with their tops lying closely adjacent the screen, each blade being rigidly secured tothe hub and having a convexly curved sharpened edge extending to the surface of the hub and facing in the direction of rotation of the rotor and sloping backward throughout its length from a radius through its juncture with the hub.

2. In a comminuting machine, a rotor comprising a rotor shaft formed 'with portions of different diameter joined by a'shoulder, -a hub fitting on the portion of smaller diameter and formed with a series of peripheral slots, blades fitting in the slots, the hub and blades being formed with aligned bores forming axially extending openings, pins extending through the openings to secure the blades to the hub, discs on the shaft fitting over the ends of the hub to hold the pins in place, one of the discs seating 4 against the shoulder, and fastening means on the end of the shaft to secure the other disc thereon and tohold the hub on the shaft.

3. In a comminuting machine, 4a rotor comprising a rotor shaft formed with portions of different diameter Joined by a shoulder, a hub tting on the portion of smaller diameter having in its periphery a series of slots formed with straight bottoms tangent toa circle about the center of the shaft, a series Aoi? blades fitting in the slots having fiat edges fitting against the straight bottoms of the slots, the blades and hub being formed with aligned bores, pins fitting in the bores to lock the blades in the hub, discs fitting over the ends of the hub to hold the. pins in place, one of the discs engaging the shoulder on the shaft, and fastening means on the end of the shaft'to hold the other dis-c the hub on the shaft. V v

HAROLD H. WAGNER. ELMER G. MAGNUS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STA''ES PATENTS Fiese et al.` Feb. 28, 1939 thereon and to hold 

